HEEL PAIN
The heel is located at the back of the foot and forms the connection between the foot and the ankle. Although it may seem like a simple structure, the heel is made up of a complex network of bones, tendons, ligaments, muscles, nerves, arteries and veins that work together to support movement and absorb the impact of walking, running and standing.
The main bone of the heel is called the calcaneus (heel bone), which is the largest bone in the foot. It plays an important role in bearing weight and providing stability during movement.
Attached to the back of the heel is the Achilles tendon, the strongest and thickest tendon in the body. The Achilles tendon connects the calf muscles to the heel bone and is essential for activities such as walking, running, climbing stairs and standing on tiptoes.
The underside of the heel is supported by a thick band of fibrous tissue called the plantar fascia. This structure runs along the sole of the foot from the heel to the toes, helping to support the arch of the foot and absorb shock during movement.
One of the most common causes of heel pain is irritation or inflammation of the plantar fascia, often referred to as plantar fasciopathy (previously known as plantar fasciitis). This condition can cause pain and stiffness around the heel, particularly when taking the first few steps in the morning or after periods of rest.
Because many different structures are found within the heel, heel pain can have a number of causes. A thorough assessment by a podiatrist can help identify the source of the pain and determine the most appropriate treatment plan.
WHY DO MY HEELS HURT?
Heel pain is a very common condition that can affect people of all ages. It can range from a mild annoyance to a painful condition that impacts daily activities, work, exercise and overall quality of life.
Because the heel is made up of several different structures, there are many possible causes of heel pain. Identifying the underlying cause is important to ensure the most appropriate treatment is provided.
Some of the most common causes of heel pain include:
• Plantar fasciopathy (plantar fasciitis) – irritation or degeneration of the plantar fascia, often causing pain under the heel, particularly with the first steps in the morning.
• Achilles tendinopathy – irritation or injury to the Achilles tendon at the back of the heel.
• Heel bursitis – inflammation of the fluid-filled sacs (bursae) that help reduce friction around the heel.
• Heel spurs – bony projections that can develop on the heel bone, often associated with plantar fasciitis.
• Sever's disease – a common cause of heel pain in active children and adolescents during growth spurts.
• Stress fractures – small cracks in the heel bone caused by repetitive stress or overuse.
• Nerve irritation or entrapment – pressure on nerves around the foot and ankle that can cause pain, burning or tingling sensations.
• Biomechanical abnormalities – changes in foot posture, gait, or lower limb function that increase strain on the structures of the heel.
• Arthritis and inflammatory conditions – certain medical conditions can contribute to heel pain and stiffness.
When Should You Seek Advice?
If your heel pain is persistent, worsening, or affecting your daily activities, it is advisable to seek professional assessment. A thorough examination can help identify the cause of your symptoms and allow an appropriate treatment plan to be developed.
Early intervention can often help reduce pain, improve recovery and prevent the problem from becoming long-term.